TURNING CENTER PROGRAM

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• Q1: What is the Machining Process of Turning Center?
  Ans: The machining process of a turning center involves rotating the workpiece while the cutting tool removes material to obtain the desired shape.
• Q2: Define Rough Boring.
  Ans: Rough boring is a machining operation used to enlarge a hole by removing a large amount of material.
• Q3: Define Finish Boring.
  Ans: Finish boring is a machining operation used to improve the accuracy and surface finish of an existing hole.
• Q4: Define Grooving.
  Ans: Grooving is a machining process used to cut narrow channels or grooves on a workpiece.
• Q5: Define Contour Turning.
  Ans: Contour turning is a turning operation used to produce complex curved profiles on a workpiece.
• Q6: What is the Tooling for Turning Center?
  Ans: The tooling is as under:

  • ➔ Turning tools
  • ➔ Boring tools
  • ➔ Grooving tools
  • ➔ Parting tools
  • ➔ Drilling tools
• Q7: Define Tool Fixing.
  Ans: Tool fixing is the method of securely mounting cutting tools on the turret or tool holder.
• Q8: What are the co-ordinate systems of the Turning Center?
  Ans: Following are the co-ordinate systems of the Turning Center:

  • ➔ Rectangular coordinate system
  • ➔ Polar coordinate system
• Q9: What is the Rectangular Co-ordinate System?
  Ans: The rectangular coordinate system defines positions using X and Z axes.
• Q10: What is the Polar Co-ordinate System?
  Ans: The polar coordinate system defines positions using distance and angle.
• Q11: What is the difference between Zero Point and Reference Point?
  Ans: Zero point is the programmed origin for machining, while reference point is a fixed machine home position.
• Q12: Define CNC Program.
  Ans: A CNC program is a set of instructions that controls the movement and operation of a CNC machine.
• Q13: Define Part Program.
  Ans: A part program is a CNC program specifically written to machine a particular component.
• Q14: Define Sub Program.
  Ans: A sub program is a smaller program used repeatedly within a main CNC program.
• Q15: Define G-code.
  Ans: G-code is a programming code used to control machine movements and machining functions.
• Q16: Define M-code.
  Ans: M-code is a programming code used to control auxiliary machine functions.
• Q17: Name the types of G-code.
  Ans: Following are the types of G-code:

  • ➔ One-shot G-code
  • ➔ Modal G-code
• Q18: Define One-shot G-code.
  Ans: One-shot G-code is effective only for a single block of the program.
• Q19: Define Modal G-code.
  Ans: Modal G-code remains active until it is cancelled or replaced by another code.
• Q20: Write some G-codes for turning center.
  Ans: Some of the G-codes for turning center are as follows:

  • ➔ G00 — Positioning Rapidly
  • ➔ G01 — Linear interpolation
  • ➔ G02 — Circular interpolation (CW)
  • ➔ G03 — Circular interpolation (CCW)
  • ➔ G31 — Skip function
• Q21: Write some M-codes for turning center.
  Ans: Some of the M-codes for turning center are as follows:

  • ➔ M02 — End of Program
  • ➔ M03 — Rotation of Spindle ON (CW)
  • ➔ M05 — Spindle stop
  • ➔ M06 — Tool change
  • ➔ M09 — Coolant OFF
• Q22: Define turning center program.
  Ans: A turning center program is a CNC program used to perform turning operations on a turning center.
• Q23: Define Reference Point Setting.
  Ans: Reference point setting is the process of moving the machine to its fixed home position.
• Q24: When M39 code is used?
  Ans: M39 code is used to open or release the chuck in a turning center.
• Q25: When will the G04 code be used?
  Ans: G04 code is used to provide a dwell or pause for a specified time.
• Q26: When will the G71 code be used?
  Ans: G71 code is used for rough turning operations.
• Q27: What is Program Zero?
  Ans: Program zero is the origin point from which all machining dimensions are measured.
• Q28: When will the M02 code be used?
  Ans: M02 code is used to end the CNC program.
• Q29: When will the M03 code be used?
  Ans: M03 code is used to start the spindle in clockwise direction.
• Q30: When will the M06 code be used?
  Ans: M06 code is used to change the tool automatically.
• Q31: When will the M09 code be used?
  Ans: M09 code is used to turn OFF the coolant.
• Q32: Define Circular Interpolation.
  Ans: Circular interpolation is a machining process in which the tool moves along a circular path using G02 or G03 codes.