Q1: Define Left hand and Right hand tools.
Ans: Left-hand and right-hand tools are cutting tools designed to cut in the corresponding direction along the workpiece.
Q2: Define Centering of work piece in four jaws independent chuck.
Ans: Centering is adjusting each jaw independently to align the workpiece axis with the spindle axis for accurate turning.
Q3: Define the importance of centering the work piece.
Ans: Centering ensures uniform cutting, reduces vibrations, prevents tool damage, and improves dimensional accuracy of the workpiece.
Q4: Define Facing.
Ans: Facing is a lathe operation to produce a flat surface perpendicular to the workpiece axis.
Q5: Define Straight turning.
Ans: Straight turning is a process to reduce the diameter of a cylindrical workpiece uniformly along its length.
Q6: Define Rough turning.
Ans: Rough turning is the initial operation to remove large amounts of material quickly, leaving a rough surface finish.
Q7: Define Finish turning.
Ans: Finish turning is a precise operation to achieve the final dimensions and smooth surface of the workpiece.
Q8: Define Step turning.
Ans: Step turning is turning a workpiece to different diameters in steps along its length.
Q9: Define Shoulder.
Ans: A shoulder is a step or change in diameter on a turned workpiece, often used for locating or assembly purposes.
Q10: List the types of shoulder.
Ans:
Types of shoulders are:- ➔ Square shoulder
- ➔ Angular shoulder
- ➔ Filleted shoulder
Q11: Define Square shoulder.
Ans: A square shoulder has a sharp, 90-degree corner between two diameters.
Q12: Define Angular shoulder.
Ans: An angular shoulder has a sloped or inclined surface connecting two diameters.
Q13: Define Filleted shoulder.
Ans: A filleted shoulder has a rounded transition between two diameters to reduce stress concentration.
Q14: Define Knurling.
Ans: Knurling is a lathe operation to produce a patterned texture on a cylindrical surface for grip or aesthetics.
Q15: State the purpose of Knurling.
Ans: The purpose of knurling is to improve grip on handles, shafts, or decorative surfaces.
Q16: State the types of Knurling according to shape and grade.
Ans:
Types of knurling according to shape and grade:- Shape: Straight, Diamond, Cross, Concave, Convex
- Grade: Coarse, Medium, Fine
Q17: Define Straight Knurling.
Ans: Straight knurling produces straight, parallel lines along the workpiece surface.
Q18: Define Diamond Knurling.
Ans: Diamond knurling produces a criss-cross diamond pattern on the workpiece surface.
Q19: Define Cross Knurling.
Ans: Cross knurling creates a lattice-like pattern by cutting lines in both directions across the surface.
Q20: Define Concave Knurling.
Ans: Concave knurling produces a pattern with inward-curved impressions on the workpiece surface.
Q21: Define Convex Knurling.
Ans: Convex knurling produces outward-raised patterns on the workpiece surface.
Q22: Define Coarse Knurling.
Ans: Coarse knurling has widely spaced teeth and produces a rough, prominent pattern.
Q23: Define Medium Knurling.
Ans: Medium knurling has moderately spaced teeth for a balanced texture.
Q24: Define Fine Knurling.
Ans: Fine knurling has closely spaced teeth producing a smooth, delicate pattern.
Q25: Define Drilling.
Ans: Drilling is the process of making round holes in a workpiece using a rotating drill bit.
Q26: Define center-drilling.
Ans: Center-drilling uses a small, pointed drill to create a starter hole for accurate main drilling or lathe turning.
Q27: Describe the method of drilling.
Ans: In drilling, the drill rotates and advances into the workpiece, cutting material to form a hole of desired diameter and depth.
Q28: Define Taper.
Ans: A taper is a gradual reduction in diameter along the length of a cylindrical workpiece.
Q29: Define Taper turning.
Ans: Taper turning is the process of producing a cylindrical workpiece with a uniform taper along its length.
Q30: Explain method of center drilling on lathe machine.
Ans: Center drilling on a lathe involves mounting a center drill in the tailstock, aligning it with the workpiece axis, and creating a small conical hole at the end of the workpiece for accurate turning.
